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从绝对道德和责任道德解释秦国大将白起在长平之战中坑杀赵国四十万俘虏
这位历史爱好者，你好，是战国时期历史的忠实，对秦国的热爱也是无比的，你所说的坑杀四十余万是史记上的一个有争议的论点，查阅了一些资料，结合现实，比较认可的一种，总结一下可以叙述如下意见：首先长平之战打了3年，准确点说是从秦昭王四十七年(前260)，秦使左庶长王龁攻韩开始算的，秦国约五十万，赵国约五十八万（都不只是士兵人数）双方参战人数超过一百万，当时秦赵两国在综合国力上是不相伯仲的，具体不作比较，在廉颇没有换下来前，白起主导的秦国军方是没有赢的概率的，尽管白起是战国时期顶尖级别的将领，每次战争斩首不下十万，未尝一败，令山东六国胆寒，但是面对廉颇的高水准防御工事，及防御主将的才能（战国时期难得一见的高水平），还有上党地区的天险，白起是没有办法的，双方对这次战争都有十年的储备粮，是一场规模空前庞大的持久战，但是老练的稳重的廉颇从未主动出击过，在赵括上任前几乎没有什么大的战役出现，赵军有数次失败的战绩，但是主力和根基未有丝毫损伤。昭王四十七年(公元前260年)，廉颇根据敌强己弱、初战失利的形势，决定采取坚守营垒以待秦兵进攻的战略。秦军多次挑战，赵国却不出兵。赵王为此屡次责备廉颇。秦相应侯范雎派人携千金向赵国权臣行贿，用离间计，散布流言说：“秦国所痛恨、畏惧的，是马服君赵奢之子—赵括；廉颇容易对付，他快要投降了。”赵王既怨怒廉颇连吃败仗，士卒伤亡惨重，又赚廉颇坚壁固守不肯出战，因而听信流言，便派赵括替代廉颇为将，命他率兵击秦。此时是战争的转折点，也就是白起时常说的战机，赵括上任之后，一反廉颇的部署，不仅临战更改部队的制度，而且大批撤换将领，使赵军战力下降。秦见赵中了计，暗中命白起为将军，王龅为副将。赵括虽自大骄狂，但他畏惧白起为将，所以秦王下令“有敢泄武安君将者斩。”在这种气氛下，赵括开始了为中国第一次统一打下坚实基础的一战，白起也开始了他的杀戮天赋，长平之战不是白起打赢的最大的仗，却是最艰苦的仗，他利用对手的鲁莽轻敌，高傲自恃决定采取后退诱敌，分割围歼的战法。他命前沿部队担任诱敌任务，在赵军进攻时，佯败后撤，将主力配置在纵深构筑袋形阵地，另以精兵5000人，楔入敌先头部队与主力之间，伺机割裂赵军。8月，赵括在不明虚实的情况下，贸然采取进攻行动。秦军假意败走，暗中张开两翼设奇兵胁制赵军。赵军乘胜追至秦军壁垒，秦早有准备，壁垒坚固不得入。白起令两翼奇兵迅速出击，将赵军截为三段。赵军首尾分离，粮道被断。秦军又派轻骑兵不断骚扰赵军。赵军的战势危急，只得筑垒壁坚守，以待救兵。秦王听说赵国的粮道被切断，亲临河内督战，征发十五岁以上男丁从军，赏赐民爵一级，以阻绝赵国的援军和粮草，倾全国之力与赵作战。到了九月，赵兵已断粮四十六天，饥饿不堪，甚至自相杀食。赵括走投无路，重新集结部队，分兵四队轮番突围，终不能出，赵括亲率精兵出战，被秦军射杀。赵括军队大败。在战争过程中有好几次大的战役，秦赵先后伤亡巨大，到赵军投降的时候真实的据考证可能只有二十余万左右，但是大家想象一下，二十万人啊，要吃东西的，秦国已经在战争中消耗的国力已经不小了，长期供给他们食物是一种自杀的行为，白起便先行确定了三则部署：其一，降卒驻地定在利于从高处看守且有水流可饮的王报谷，由桓龁率领十万秦军驻屯山口及两侧山岭，以防不测；其二，立即从各营分拨三成军粮，只运进谷口，交由降卒自己起炊；其三，将赵军丢弃的所有衣物帐篷，全数搜集运进王报谷，以做军帐御寒。白起上书秦王，秦王回复只有八个字：生杀予夺，悉听君裁，丞相范雎也是回避了这个问题，其实他们想表达只有一个意思“杀降”但是不可能表达出来，“杀降不祥”是战国乃至世界的定则，可是又有什么办法，放了他们？自残！融入秦国？做梦！秦赵百年仇恨啊！。白起率领着五十多万大军，业已铸就了一场亘古未闻的大功业——一战彻底摧垮赵国五十八万大军，斩首三十余万，受降二十余万！旷古至今，但凡兵家名将，何曾有过如此煌煌战绩，王命不干军，将在外军命有所不受，自是历来为将者所求。秦王在战前也确曾将白起的兵权与战场决断权扩大到了无以复加，也就是说，本当掌握在国君的那部分兵权都一并交给了白起，还加了一句“得抗拒王命行事（可以违抗王命决断）”在长平大战之前，白起事实上也从来没有就兵事与战场难题请命过秦王，那时若秦王对战场事乱命，他也会毫不犹豫的奉行“将在外君命有所不受”之准则行事。然则，所有这一切都是为了打仗，为了战胜敌国。如今战事结束，降卒处置关涉诸方国政，秦王与丞相却是不置可否，让他全权独断，岂非滑稽？可是，秦王与丞相何等明锐，为何要如此含糊其辞呢？自己又为何对此等含糊大是烦躁恼怒呢？也是明摆着的事实, 是害怕触及那个字眼——“杀降”真杀降，且一举便是二十余万之众，天下便会祭起天道人道的大旗，将永远埋葬在可怕的诅咒之中，如此而已，岂有他哉！那时名将将变做狰狞的屠夫，战神将变做万劫不复的恶魔！千古功业安在？青史声誉安在？然则不走这一步，便是君臣失和国家动荡后果不堪设想，白起倒是有了青史盛誉，谁却来管邦国兴亡天下一统？于是没有办法，只能开始部署了，秦军在晚上用大量的食物和酒麻醉赵国降卒。箭雨，火球向山谷内飞来，一夜之后山谷平静了！开始掩埋了，冬天过后，秦军“坑杀赵军四十万降卒”的消息竟风暴般席卷天下，各国无不惊恐变色！没有战胜的喜悦，按照春秋以来的传统，秦国取得了如此旷古大胜，以“市道”为邦交准则的天下大小诸侯便当争相派出特使庆贺，洛阳周天子更会“赏赐”天子战车战服与诸般“代天征伐”的斧钺仪仗，咸阳便当是车马盈城之大庆气象，但是这次却是什么都没有，秦国已经成为天下的公敌，随之而来的便是从未有过如此齐心的合纵，白起拒绝秦王命，不肯迎战，因为他认为这是一场必输的战争，唯一的方法是放弃函谷关外的所有领地，退守函谷关，要知道秦国百年浴血奋斗才开拓函谷关外的大片领地轻易放弃是不可能会得到秦王的同意的，跟何况山东六国的合纵从未赢过秦国，所以秦王开始怨恨了，他认为是白起怯战，白起被罢免，为了表达自己的心智，白起剖腹自杀，战国一位战神就这样死了，后来的战争完全支持了白起的观点，秦国大败，函谷关外——河内河外领地尽失，秦国战损三十余万壮丁，国力大衰，自次秦国开始了长达几十年的衰落状态，直至吕不韦新政开始。这便是对长平之战的认识，希望你能看完这些，谢谢！
thehistoryenthusiasts,hello,isfaithfultothehistoryofthewarringstatesperiodofqinisimmenselove,yousaidmorethan40million坑杀recordsofthehistorian'sacontroversialpoint,accesstosomeinformationinlightofreality,acomparisonapproved,summarizetheviewscanbedescribedasfollows:firstofall长平之战played3yearsfromtheexactpointis秦昭王四十七年(formerly260),sothat左庶长wangqin龁southkoreabegantocounttheattack,abouthalfamillionqin,zhaoabout580,000(notonlythenumberofsoldiers)morethanonemillionthenumberofboththewar,whentheqinzhaobetweenthetwocountriesinthecomprehensivenationalstrengthisnolessthanthespecificnocomparison,not-for-廉颇downbeforethewhite-dominatedstateofqinfromthemilitarythereisnoprobabilityofwinning,eventhoughwhiteisfromthewarringstatesperiod,thetop-levelgenerals,eachnolessthanhundredsofthousandsofwarbeheaded,thereisafailure,sothatsixshandongstateofscared,butthefaceofahighstandardof廉颇fortifications,anddefensiveabilitiesowners(thewarringstatesperiod,ararehigh-level),aswellasanaturalbarriershangdangregion,sincethereisnowaywhite,andthetwosidesofthiswarhavedecadesofgrainreserves,aprotractedwarofunprecedentedscale,butsophisticated廉颇prudenttotaketheinitiativehasneverbeen,beforehetookofficein赵括almostnoemergenceofanymajorbattle,thereareseveralfailurezhaorecord,buttherehasbeennomajordamageandthefoundation.zhaowang四十七年(260bc),thestrongenemy廉颇inaccordancewiththeirownweakinitialdefeatofthesituation,decidedtoadheretocamptobeqinbingoffensivestrategy.qinjunnumerouschallenges,zhaodidnotsendtroops.廉颇blameforthis赵王repeatedly.qinju侯范accordinglysenttobringdaughter权臣zhaobribery,bysowingdiscord,thespreadingrumors,said:"qinbyhate,fearis赵奢junma,sonofservice-赵括;廉颇easytodealwith,hesoonsurrendered."怨怒廉颇eatboth赵王defeat,士卒casualties,butalsorefusedtomakestickagainst廉颇坚壁,solistentorumors,sent廉颇foralternative赵括,qinorderedhim率兵hit.atthispointisaturningpointinthewar,thatis,fromtimetotimethatwhitefighters,赵括afterhetookoffice,oneanti-廉颇thedeploymentoftroopsnotonlytochangethebattlesystem,andreplacealargenumberofgeneralstofightdecliningzhao.qinzhao,seethetermsforthesecretlifeofgeneralbaiqi,wang龅for副将.赵括although骄狂arrogant,butheplayedforthewhitefear,thekingordered,"therewillbethosewhodaretoventoff武安君."insuchanatmosphere,赵括startedthefirsttimeforchinatolayasolidfoundationforthereunificationofawar,sincewhitestartedkillinghistalent,ratherthanwhite长平之战sincewinningthebiggestbattle,itisthemostdifficultbattle,heunderestimatetheenemytheuseoftheopponent'sreckless,arrogantself-reliance诱敌decidedtotakeback,splittosurroundandannihilatelawofwar.theforefrontofhislifeas诱敌taskforce,intheattackzhao,paradoxlostbacktothemainconfigurationbag-shapedbuildinginthedepthposition,andtheotherto5,000elitetroops,thevanguardandthemainwedgebetweentheenemy,separatewaitingzhaojun.august,赵括actualsituationinunknowncircumstances,beforeembarkingontheoffensiveaction.qindefeatedpretendingtosecretlyopenthetwowingsofthethreat-basedsystemforzhaojones.zhaocheng-shengqin追至barriers,qinprepared,maynotbestrongbarrierstoentry.jonesfromthetwowingsofwhiteoutquickly,willbeclosedforthreezhao.zhaojun,bothseparatedfromthegrainroadwasbroken.lightcavalrysentqinzhaoconstantharassment.zhaocriticalofthewarpower,onlysticktothewall筑垒pendingreinforcement.qinzhaoheardofthegrainroadwascut,andsuperviseoperationsinhanoiinperson,overtheageof15sign-fatmalemilitaryservice,agiftfromgrandpublicinordertoblockthereinforcementsandfoodzhao,dumpingthecountry'scombatforceandzhao.byseptember,bingzhaohas46daysnorfood,hungerstate,andevenkilleachotherfresh.赵括againstthewall,re-assembledunits,four分兵turnsout,nottheendofthatelite赵括playlead,wasshotandkilledqin.赵括defeatedarmy.inthecourseofthewarthereareseveralmajorbattles,thegreatqinzhaohascasualties,andzhaorealtimetosurrender,accordingtoresearchmaybemorethan20million,butweimaginethat200,000people,ah,somethingtoeat,qinhasbeeninthewarofnationalpowerconsumptionhasnotsmall,long-termsupplyoftheirfoodisanactofsuicide,whitewillbeidentifiedfromthreedeployment:first,setthe降卒residentcaretakerandhelpfromabovetherearedrinkingwatercanbereportedtothekingvalley,ledbyhundredsofthousandsof龁jun-hwanquarterageyamaguchiandbothsidesofthemountains,topreventunexpected;second,animmediatedistributionfromthebusinessintothreerationsonlyintotaniguchi,bytheirown降卒fromstraw;third,willbediscardedallzhaoclothingtents,allcollectedintothekingvalleyisreportedtodotokeepoutthecold军帐.whiteletterfromthekingofqin,qinreturnonlyeightwords:lifeordeathover,learnedtolistentothecd-jun,fanjuistheprimeministertoavoidthisproblem,infact,theywantedtosaythatthereisonlyonemeaningof"killdown"butcannotexpress,"killingominousdrop"iswarringstatesandtheworldrule,butwhatwaytoputthem?self-mutilation!intothestateofqin?dream!qinzhaocenturiesofhatredah!.whiteledfromthemorethan500,000soldiers,hascastabigtimeimmemorialunknownexploits-thefirstworldwararmyof580,000completelydestroyedzhao,beheadedmorethan30million,morethan20millioninsurrender!旷古sofar,anything'smilitary,煌煌everhadsucharecord,王命quitthemilitary,willbefreefromforeignmilitarylife,ofcourse,whohasbeenseekingfor.qinalsodidbeforethewarfromthemilitaryleadershipwillbewhiteandtherightdecisiontoexpandthebattlefieldtotobeadded,thatis,wheninthehandsofthemonarchofthispartofthemilitaryleadershiphavetobefromthewhite,butalsoadded,"mayacttoresist王命(youcandefythedecision王命)"beforeworldwariiinthelongflatwhitefromamatteroffacthasneverbeenproblemsonthebattlefield兵事pleadwiththekingover,thenifthekinglivesonthebattlefieldchaosthing,hewouldnothesitatetopursuethe"will君命beexcludedfrom"theguidelines.what,then,allofwhicharetofight,inordertoovercometheenemy.today,thewarended,ogata降卒thedisposalofthegovernmentconcerned,thekingofqinandtheprimeministerwasnoncommittal,sothatheentirelyarbitrary,notfunny?however,thekingandtheprimeministerhowoctavia,whydosovague?andsoonbutitisunclearwhythisisanannoyancesoangry?theplaintruthis,isafraidoftouchingthewords-"twodown"reallydowntokillandismorethanonemillionpeople,theworldwouldbeheavenbringsupthebannerofhumanity,willalwaysbeburiedinaterriblecurse,andsojust,canheweizai!atthattime,playerswillbecomesoferociousbutchers,marswillbecomesoevilbeyondredemption!securityexploitsthroughtheagesin?anreputationinhistory?whatdoesnottakethefirststep,isestrangedjun-chenovertheconsequencesofnationalturmoil这位历史爱好者，你好，是战国时期历史的忠实，对秦国的热爱也是无比的，你所说的坑杀四十余万是史记上的一个有争议的论点，查阅了一些资料，结合现实，比较认可的一种，总结一下可以叙述如下意见：首先长平之战打了3年，准确点说是从秦昭王四十七年(前260)，秦使左庶长王龁攻韩开始算的，秦国约五十万，赵国约五十八万（都不只是士兵人数）双方参战人数超过一百万，当时秦赵两国在综合国力上是不相伯仲的，具体不作比较，在廉颇没有换下来前，白起主导的秦国军方是没有赢的概率的，尽管白起是战国时期顶尖级别的将领，每次战争斩首不下十万，未尝一败，令山东六国胆寒，但是面对廉颇的高水准防御工事，及防御主将的才能（战国时期难得一见的高水平），还有上党地区的天险，白起是没有办法的，双方对这次战争都有十年的储备粮，是一场规模空前庞大的持久战，但是老练的稳重的廉颇从未主动出击过，在赵括上任前几乎没有什么大的战役出现，赵军有数次失败的战绩，但是主力和根基未有丝毫损伤。昭王四十七年(公元前260年)，廉颇根据敌强己弱、初战失利的形势，决定采取坚守营垒以待秦兵进攻的战略。秦军多次挑战，赵国却不出兵。赵王为此屡次责备廉颇。秦相应侯范雎派人携千金向赵国权臣行贿，用离间计，散布流言说：“秦国所痛恨、畏惧的，是马服君赵奢之子—赵括；廉颇容易对付，他快要投降了。”赵王既怨怒廉颇连吃败仗，士卒伤亡惨重，又赚廉颇坚壁固守不肯出战，因而听信流言，便派赵括替代廉颇为将，命他率兵击秦。此时是战争的转折点，也就是白起时常说的战机，赵括上任之后，一反廉颇的部署，不仅临战更改部队的制度，而且大批撤换将领，使赵军战力下降。秦见赵中了计，暗中命白起为将军，王龅为副将。赵括虽自大骄狂，但他畏惧白起为将，所以秦王下令“有敢泄武安君将者斩。”在这种气氛下，赵括开始了为中国第一次统一打下坚实基础的一战，白起也开始了他的杀戮天赋，长平之战不是白起打赢的最大的仗，却是最艰苦的仗，他利用对手的鲁莽轻敌，高傲自恃决定采取后退诱敌，分割围歼的战法。他命前沿部队担任诱敌任务，在赵军进攻时，佯败后撤，将主力配置在纵深构筑袋形阵地，另以精兵5000人，楔入敌先头部队与主力之间，伺机割裂赵军。8月，赵括在不明虚实的情况下，贸然采取进攻行动。秦军假意败走，暗中张开两翼设奇兵胁制赵军。赵军乘胜追至秦军壁垒，秦早有准备，壁垒坚固不得入。白起令两翼奇兵迅速出击，将赵军截为三段。赵军首尾分离，粮道被断。秦军又派轻骑兵不断骚扰赵军。赵军的战势危急，只得筑垒壁坚守，以待救兵。秦王听说赵国的粮道被切断，亲临河内督战，征发十五岁以上男丁从军，赏赐民爵一级，以阻绝赵国的援军和粮草，倾全国之力与赵作战。到了九月，赵兵已断粮四十六天，饥饿不堪，甚至自相杀食。赵括走投无路，重新集结部队，分兵四队轮番突围，终不能出，赵括亲率精兵出战，被秦军射杀。赵括军队大败。在战争过程中有好几次大的战役，秦赵先后伤亡巨大，到赵军投降的时候真实的据考证可能只有二十余万左右，但是大家想象一下，二十万人啊，要吃东西的，秦国已经在战争中消耗的国力已经不小了，长期供给他们食物是一种自杀的行为，白起便先行确定了三则部署：其一，降卒驻地定在利于从高处看守且有水流可饮的王报谷，由桓龁率领十万秦军驻屯山口及两侧山岭，以防不测；其二，立即从各营分拨三成军粮，只运进谷口，交由降卒自己起炊；其三，将赵军丢弃的所有衣物帐篷，全数搜集运进王报谷，以做军帐御寒。白起上书秦王，秦王回复只有八个字：生杀予夺，悉听君裁，丞相范雎也是回避了这个问题，其实他们想表达只有一个意思“杀降”但是不可能表达出来，“杀降不祥”是战国乃至世界的定则，可是又有什么办法，放了他们？自残！融入秦国？做梦！秦赵百年仇恨啊！。白起率领着五十多万大军，业已铸就了一场亘古未闻的大功业——一战彻底摧垮赵国五十八万大军，斩首三十余万，受降二十余万！旷古至今，但凡兵家名将，何曾有过如此煌煌战绩，王命不干军，将在外军命有所不受，自是历来为将者所求。秦王在战前也确曾将白起的兵权与战场决断权扩大到了无以复加，也就是说，本当掌握在国君的那部分兵权都一并交给了白起，还加了一句“得抗拒王命行事（可以违抗王命决断）”在长平大战之前，白起事实上也从来没有就兵事与战场难题请命过秦王，那时若秦王对战场事乱命，他也会毫不犹豫的奉行“将在外君命有所不受”之准则行事。然则，所有这一切都是为了打仗，为了战胜敌国。如今战事结束，降卒处置关涉诸方国政，秦王与丞相却是不置可否，让他全权独断，岂非滑稽？可是，秦王与丞相何等明锐，为何要如此含糊其辞呢？自己又为何对此等含糊大是烦躁恼怒呢？也是明摆着的事实, 是害怕触及那个字眼——“杀降”真杀降，且一举便是二十余万之众，天下便会祭起天道人道的大旗，将永远埋葬在可怕的诅咒之中，如此而已，岂有他哉！那时名将将变做狰狞的屠夫，战神将变做万劫不复的恶魔！千古功业安在？青史声誉安在？然则不走这一步，便是君臣失和国家动荡后果不堪设想，白起倒是有了青史盛誉，谁却来管邦国兴亡天下一统？于是没有办法，只能开始部署了，秦军在晚上用大量的食物和酒麻醉赵国降卒。箭雨，火球向山谷内飞来，一夜之后山谷平静了！开始掩埋了，冬天过后，秦军“坑杀赵军四十万降卒”的消息竟风暴般席卷天下，各国无不惊恐变色！没有战胜的喜悦，按照春秋以来的传统，秦国取得了如此旷古大胜，以“市道”为邦交准则的天下大小诸侯便当争相派出特使庆贺，洛阳周天子更会“赏赐”天子战车战服与诸般“代天征伐”的斧钺仪仗，咸阳便当是车马盈城之大庆气象，但是这次却是什么都没有，秦国已经成为天下的公敌，随之而来的便是从未有过如此齐心的合纵，白起拒绝秦王命，不肯迎战，因为他认为这是一场必输的战争，唯一的方法是放弃函谷关外的所有领地，退守函谷关，要知道秦国百年浴血奋斗才开拓函谷关外的大片领地轻易放弃是不可能会得到秦王的同意的，跟何况山东六国的合纵从未赢过秦国，所以秦王开始怨恨了，他认为是白起怯战，白起被罢免，为了表达自己的心智，白起剖腹自杀，战国一位战神就这样死了，后来的战争完全支持了白起的观点，秦国大败，函谷关外——河内河外领地尽失，秦国战损三十余万壮丁，国力大衰，自次秦国开始了长达几十年的衰落状态，直至吕不韦新政开始。这便是对长平之战的认识，希望你能看完这些，谢谢！
thehistoryenthusiasts,hello,isfaithfultothehistoryofthewarringstatesperiodofqinisimmenselove,yousaidmorethan40million坑杀recordsofthehistorian'sacontroversialpoint,accesstosomeinformationinlightofreality,acomparisonapproved,summarizetheviewscanbedescribedasfollows:firstofall长平之战played3yearsfromtheexactpointis秦昭王四十七年(formerly260),sothat左庶长wangqin龁southkoreabegantocounttheattack,abouthalfamillionqin,zhaoabout580,000(notonlythenumberofsoldiers)morethanonemillionthenumberofboththewar,whentheqinzhaobetweenthetwocountriesinthecomprehensivenationalstrengthisnolessthanthespecificnocomparison,not-for-廉颇downbeforethewhite-dominatedstateofqinfromthemilitarythereisnoprobabilityofwinning,eventhoughwhiteisfromthewarringstatesperiod,thetop-levelgenerals,eachnolessthanhundredsofthousandsofwarbeheaded,thereisafailure,sothatsixshandongstateofscared,butthefaceofahighstandardof廉颇fortifications,anddefensiveabilitiesowners(thewarringstatesperiod,ararehigh-level),aswellasanaturalbarriershangdangregion,sincethereisnowaywhite,andthetwosidesofthiswarhavedecadesofgrainreserves,aprotractedwarofunprecedentedscale,butsophisticated廉颇prudenttotaketheinitiativehasneverbeen,beforehetookofficein赵括almostnoemergenceofanymajorbattle,thereareseveralfailurezhaorecord,buttherehasbeennomajordamageandthefoundation.zhaowang四十七年(260bc),thestrongenemy廉颇inaccordancewiththeirownweakinitialdefeatofthesituation,decidedtoadheretocamptobeqinbingoffensivestrategy.qinjunnumerouschallenges,zhaodidnotsendtroops.廉颇blameforthis赵王repeatedly.qinju侯范accordinglysenttobringdaughter权臣zhaobribery,bysowingdiscord,thespreadingrumors,said:"qinbyhate,fearis赵奢junma,sonofservice-赵括;廉颇easytodealwith,hesoonsurrendered."怨怒廉颇eatboth赵王defeat,士卒casualties,butalsorefusedtomakestickagainst廉颇坚壁,solistentorumors,sent廉颇foralternative赵括,qinorderedhim率兵hit.atthispointisaturningpointinthewar,thatis,fromtimetotimethatwhitefighters,赵括afterhetookoffice,oneanti-廉颇thedeploymentoftroopsnotonlytochangethebattlesystem,andreplacealargenumberofgeneralstofightdecliningzhao.qinzhao,seethetermsforthesecretlifeofgeneralbaiqi,wang龅for副将.赵括although骄狂arrogant,butheplayedforthewhitefear,thekingordered,"therewillbethosewhodaretoventoff武安君."insuchanatmosphere,赵括startedthefirsttimeforchinatolayasolidfoundationforthereunificationofawar,sincewhitestartedkillinghistalent,ratherthanwhite长平之战sincewinningthebiggestbattle,itisthemostdifficultbattle,heunderestimatetheenemytheuseoftheopponent'sreckless,arrogantself-reliance诱敌decidedtotakeback,splittosurroundandannihilatelawofwar.theforefrontofhislifeas诱敌taskforce,intheattackzhao,paradoxlostbacktothemainconfigurationbag-shapedbuildinginthedepthposition,andtheotherto5,000elitetroops,thevanguardandthemainwedgebetweentheenemy,separatewaitingzhaojun.august,赵括actualsituationinunknowncircumstances,beforeembarkingontheoffensiveaction.qindefeatedpretendingtosecretlyopenthetwowingsofthethreat-basedsystemforzhaojones.zhaocheng-shengqin追至barriers,qinprepared,maynotbestrongbarrierstoentry.jonesfromthetwowingsofwhiteoutquickly,willbeclosedforthreezhao.zhaojun,bothseparatedfromthegrainroadwasbroken.lightcavalrysentqinzhaoconstantharassment.zhaocriticalofthewarpower,onlysticktothewall筑垒pendingreinforcement.qinzhaoheardofthegrainroadwascut,andsuperviseoperationsinhanoiinperson,overtheageof15sign-fatmalemilitaryservice,agiftfromgrandpublicinordertoblockthereinforcementsandfoodzhao,dumpingthecountry'scombatforceandzhao.byseptember,bingzhaohas46daysnorfood,hungerstate,andevenkilleachotherfresh.赵括againstthewall,re-assembledunits,four分兵turnsout,nottheendofthatelite赵括playlead,wasshotandkilledqin.赵括defeatedarmy.inthecourseofthewarthereareseveralmajorbattles,thegreatqinzhaohascasualties,andzhaorealtimetosurrender,accordingtoresearchmaybemorethan20million,butweimaginethat200,000people,ah,somethingtoeat,qinhasbeeninthewarofnationalpowerconsumptionhasnotsmall,long-termsupplyoftheirfoodisanactofsuicide,whitewillbeidentifiedfromthreedeployment:first,setthe降卒residentcaretakerandhelpfromabovetherearedrinkingwatercanbereportedtothekingvalley,ledbyhundredsofthousandsof龁jun-hwanquarterageyamaguchiandbothsidesofthemountains,topreventunexpected;second,animmediatedistributionfromthebusinessintothreerationsonlyintotaniguchi,bytheirown降卒fromstraw;third,willbediscardedallzhaoclothingtents,allcollectedintothekingvalleyisreportedtodotokeepoutthecold军帐.whiteletterfromthekingofqin,qinreturnonlyeightwords:lifeordeathover,learnedtolistentothecd-jun,fanjuistheprimeministertoavoidthisproblem,infact,theywantedtosaythatthereisonlyonemeaningof"killdown"butcannotexpress,"killingominousdrop"iswarringstatesandtheworldrule,butwhatwaytoputthem?self-mutilation!intothestateofqin?dream!qinzhaocenturiesofhatredah!.whiteledfromthemorethan500,000soldiers,hascastabigtimeimmemorialunknownexploits-thefirstworldwararmyof580,000completelydestroyedzhao,beheadedmorethan30million,morethan20millioninsurrender!旷古sofar,anything'smilitary,煌煌everhadsucharecord,王命quitthemilitary,willbefreefromforeignmilitarylife,ofcourse,whohasbeenseekingfor.qinalsodidbeforethewarfromthemilitaryleadershipwillbewhiteandtherightdecisiontoexpandthebattlefieldtotobeadded,thatis,wheninthehandsofthemonarchofthispartofthemilitaryleadershiphavetobefromthewhite,butalsoadded,"mayacttoresist王命(youcandefythedecision王命)"beforeworldwariiinthelongflatwhitefromamatteroffacthasneverbeenproblemsonthebattlefield兵事pleadwiththekingover,thenifthekinglivesonthebattlefieldchaosthing,hewouldnothesitatetopursuethe"will君命beexcludedfrom"theguidelines.what,then,allofwhicharetofight,inordertoovercometheenemy.today,thewarended,ogata降卒thedisposalofthegovernmentconcerned,thekingofqinandtheprimeministerwasnoncommittal,sothatheentirelyarbitrary,notfunny?however,thekingandtheprimeministerhowoctavia,whydosovague?andsoonbutitisunclearwhythisisanannoyancesoangry?theplaintruthis,isafraidoftouchingthewords-"twodown"reallydowntokillandismorethanonemillionpeople,theworldwouldbeheavenbringsupthebannerofhumanity,willalwaysbeburiedinaterriblecurse,andsojust,canheweizai!atthattime,playerswillbecomesoferociousbutchers,marswillbecomesoevilbeyondredemption!securityexploitsthroughtheagesin?anreputationinhistory?whatdoesnottakethefirststep,isestrangedjun-chenovertheconsequencesofnationalturmoil
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