These suspicions about women came to the surface most notably in periodic witchcrafts scares. During the course of the seventeenth century，according to a historian， 342 New England women were accused by their neighbors of witchcraft. The majority of them were childless or widowed or had reputations among their neighbors for their assertiveness and independence. In the vast majority of cases these accusation were dismissed by authorities. But in Salem， Massachusetts，in 1692，when a group of girls claimed that they had been bewitched by a number of old men and women，the whole community was thrown into a panic of accusation. Before the colonial governor finally called a halt to the persecutions in 1693，twenty persons had been tried，condemned，and executed.

对这类妇女的怀疑表现得最明显的，是周期性的女巫恐怖。据某历史学家[注: 历史学家古希腊三大史学家

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