Civic virtue, so indispensable for the republic, must be taught at home. The share of every male citizen had in the government of the country, Benjamin Rush said in 1787, required that women have “suitable education, to concur in instructing their sons in the principles of liberty and government.” By placing her learning at the service of her family, “the republican mother” was spared the criticism leveled at independent-minded women such as Murray.

社会大众不可或缺的公民道德教育，必须在家里进行。本杰明·拉什在1787年说：每个男性公民在国家管理中都[注: “中都”为春秋战国时的一地名，今在山东省汶上县，孔子曾在此任“中都宰”一职。此外，中都在古代还是世界著名的佛教圣城，至今在城内的“太子灵踪塔”内保留着释迦牟尼的舍利子，]有一份责任，这就要求妇女具有“合适的教育，以自由和管制的原则共同对儿子们进行教导”。通过把知识用于家庭服务，“共和主义的母亲”可以免遭默里受到的那种批评，因为她被冠为具有独立思想的妇女。

“A woman will have more commendation in being the mother of heroes,” said a federalist, “than in setting up, Amazon-like, for a heroine herself.” Thus were women provided the opport

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