变。唐、北宋、明、清时期，河北境内县治以上城邑的数目分别为132、106、133和136，在数值上与东汉时期的130个极为接近。这表明，该地区的区域开发在汉代已臻于成熟。在城市的繁荣程度上，也独领一方风骚。汉初刘邦过曲逆城时曾慨叹：“壮哉县，吾行天下多矣，惟见洛阳与是而。”③《盐铁论·通有篇》言及天下名城十二，河北占其三：“燕之涿、蓟，赵之邯郸，……富冠海内，皆为天下名都。”它们作为区域政治、军事和经济中心，代表着地方社会经济的最高水平，带动着周边地区的发展。
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①河北省文物管理委员会：《河北磁县讲武城调查简报》，《考古》，1959年第7期。
②刘龙启、李振奇：《河北临城柏畅城发现战国兵器》，《文物》，1988年第3期。
③《史记》卷56《陈丞相世家》。
The Historical Investigation of Han's Cities in Hebei District
Abstract: As a part of a three-class city system in the Han Dynasty , the city network of Hebei district,which comprised some interconnecting famous and big cities such as Handan, Zhuo, Ji and so on, took on various traits itself. Some of the traits can be described as follows: it had influenced up to now that cities were distributed densely in the south and thinly in the north ; it was obvious that the new cities and the old ones differecl in various areas; it was also eye-catching that the quantity of mar- quis' counties affected more by political factors varied. The inner and outer city walls were combined into one; the internal functional areas of cities were more finely divided; the perfect systems of traffic and drainages were constructed on a large scale . The above reflect the level and trend of the cities' development in that period.
Key words: the Han Dynasty; Hebei; cities; area
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