摘要:本文立足于语言的社会性,按照思维和存在的辨证,结合具体语境,对《易经》中的关键语词“元”进行了最大限度的“原义”回溯,为进一步深化《易经》研究提供了坚实的语言学基础。本文认为,“元”当训为“大”。由对“元”的考释,本文总结出训释《易经》的三条本则:即语言的社会性原则;社会存在决定人类思维的历史性原则;字不离词,词不离句,句不离章的语境性原则。
　　关键词:《易经》;元;大
　　Abstract: This article bases on the language sociality, according to the thought and existence dialectical, the union concrete linguistic environment, the essential word “the Yuan” has carried on “the primary meaning” maximum limit to “the Book of Changes” the recollection, to further deepen “the Book of Changes” studies has provided the solid linguistics foundation. This article believed that “Yuan”, when teaches is “big”. By right “Yuan” the textual research and explication, this article summarizes teaches releases “the Book of Changes” three this: Namely language social principle; The social being decides the human thinking the historical principle; The character does not leave the word, the word does not leave the sentence, the sentence does not leave the chapter of linguistic environment principle.
　　Key words: “the Book of Changes”; Yuan; big
　　
　　《易经》这部古老而神秘的经典著作,自成书以来,得到历代语言文字大师及学术通人的精心阐释,有关注述可谓汗牛充栋。仅《文渊阁四库全书》就收录《易经》的训诂书籍169种,共1 888卷、凡1 048册。卷帙浩繁,展示出历代治《易》的水平。虽不乏深通《易》理的名篇,但对那简短而又缺乏严密逻辑,乃至完全有悖于一般逻辑的卦辞和爻辞来说,不少解释多有言不尽意或者意不逮言之处。的确,《易经》在语言结构上留下了不少语义空白,只为读者提供了一个看似凌空蹈虚实则丰实充盈而又灵活多变的原始框架,研《易》者多蹙眉笔耕,结果见仁见智、莫衷一是亦在意料之中。这就要求今人无论从任何角度研究《易经》,都必须建立在对其原文比较正确的领会之上,否则,或牵强附会或望文生义,只能是一句空话。
　　我们认为,学人治《易》,应将其放到2000多年前《易经》产生的具体时代的背景中加以研究考察,才能对《易经》原义有所真见,在已有的研究成果上有所创新。因为“每一

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