[7]（《徐长卿》）北魏时期的相关著作中也涉及到疫病的救治药物，贾思勰《齐民要术》卷一《耕田》云：“仲冬之月，……土事无作，慎无发盖，无发屋室，……地气且泄，是谓发天地之房，诸蟄则死，民必疾疫。”不懂得修建房屋过程中应当注意的事项，就可能引起疫病流行。人们还认识到小豆防治疫病的功用。《杂五行书》曰：“常以正月旦，亦用月半，以麻子二七颗，赤小豆七枚，置井中，辟疫病，甚神验。”这是在饮用水方面防治疫病流行。而且在农历的特殊日子里吞食小豆也可以防治疫病，“正月七日，七月七日，男吞赤小豆七颗，女吞十四枚，竟年无病；令疫病不相染。”[8]（《小豆》）这些方法极有可能是当时劳动人民的经验总结。
魏晋十六国北朝时期，人们已经认识到疫病的传染性和疫病爆发的自然原因，即夏季多雨和炎热有可能使人们水土不服而感染疫病。疫病的危害性是惨烈的，引起有识之士的深深思考，并采取多种措施来救助疫病患者，还总结出了一些医药救治的办法。
参考文献：
[1]陈寿．三国志[M]．北京：中华书局，1974．
[2]房玄龄．晋书[M]．北京：中华书局，1974．
[3]魏收．魏书[M]．北京：中华书局，1974．
[4]李百药．北齐书[M]．北京：中华书局，1972．
[5]李延寿．北史[M]．北京：中华书局，1974．
[6]司马光．资治通鉴[M]．北京：中华书局，1956．
[7]吴普，等．神农本草经[M]．北京：科学技术文献出版社，1996．
[8]贾思勰．齐民要术[M]．北京：农业出版社，1982．
Epidemic disease spreading and patients helping in the Wei, Jin and Northern Dynasties
Abstracts: The epidemic disease in the Wei, Jin, Sixteen States and Northern Dynasties spread continuously. Epidemic disease mostly took place in the place where many people lived, and it also spread with bloods, droughts and war. The epidemic disease mostly broke out between spring and winter. Because the northern army didn’t adapt to the damp and hot climate of the Yangtze River valley during the process of fighting south, the epidemic disease often took place, too. The spreading of epidemic disease prevented the northern army from entering the Yangtze River valley. The epidemic diseas
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