《古今文明[注: 文明是人类审美观念和文化现象的传承、发展、糅合和分化过程中所产生的生活方式、思维方式的总称。是人类开始群居并出现社会分工专业化,人类社会雏形基本形成后开始出现的一种现象。]》(二十)
Civilizations: Past and Present (20)
Indirect Consequences of European Explorations
古今文明(20)
欧洲探险的间接后果
The great European discoveries changed everyone’s outlook on the world and the altered prevailing concepts of the relationships among the major branches of humankind in far-reaching ways. But in addition to conscious changes, there were three worldwide and fundamentally important consequences that resulted from the new patterns of communication, of which contemporaries were largely or completely unaware. These were the so-called price revolution, the spread of diseases t
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